A good reason to hypernate G-d

GOD - The English word God is identical with the Anglo-Saxon word for “good,” and therefore it is believed that the name God refers to the divine goodness. (See Oehler's Theol. of Old Test.; Strong's and Young's concordances.) (From New Unger's Bible Dictionary) (Originally published by Moody Press of Chicago, Illinois. Copyright (C) 1988.)

Webster's 1913 Dictionary:

\God\ (g[o^]d), n. [AS. god; akin to OS. & D. god, OHG. got, G. gott, Icel. gu[eth], go[eth], Sw. & Dan. gud, Goth. gup, prob. orig. a p. p. from a root appearing in Skr. h[=u], p. p. h[=u]ta, to call upon, invoke, implore. [root]30. Cf. {Goodbye}, {Gospel}, {Gossip}.]
http://www.hyperdictionary.com/dictionary/god

Catholic Encyclopedia:


Etymology of the Word "God"

(Anglo-Saxon God; German Gott; akin to Persian khoda; Hindu khooda).

God can variously be defined as:
• the proper name of the one Supreme and Infinite Personal Being, the Creator and Ruler of the universe, to whom man owes obedience and worship;
• the common or generic name of the several supposed beings to whom, in polytheistic religions, Divine attributes are ascribed and Divine worship rendered;
• the name sometimes applied to an idol as the image or dwelling-place of a god.

The root-meaning of the name (from Gothic root gheu; Sanskrit hub or emu, "to invoke or to sacrifice to") is either "the one invoked" or "the one sacrificed to." From different Indo-Germanic roots (div, "to shine" or "give light"; thes in thessasthai "to implore") come the Indo-Iranian deva, Sanskrit dyaus (gen. divas), Latin deus, Greek theos, Irish and Gaelic dia, all of which are generic names; also Greek Zeus (gen. Dios, Latin Jupiter (jovpater), Old Teutonic Tiu or Tiw (surviving in Tuesday), Latin Janus, Diana, and other proper names of pagan deities. The common name most widely used in Semitic occurs as 'el in Hebrew, 'ilu in Babylonian, 'ilah in Arabic, etc.; and though scholars are not agreed on the point, the root-meaning most probably is "the strong or mighty one."


http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608x.htm

Oxford English Dictionary:

"god (gρd). Also 3-4 godd. [Com. Teut.: OE. god (masc. in sing.; pl. godu, godo neut., godas masc.) corresponds to OFris., OS., Du. god masc., OHG. got, cot (MHG. got, mod.Ger. gott) masc., ON. goð, guð neut. and masc., pl. goð, guð neut. (later Icel. pl. guðir masc.; Sw., Da. gud), Goth. guÞ (masc. in sing.; pl. guÞa, guda neut.). The Goth. and ON. words always follow the neuter declension, though when used in the Christian sense they are syntactically masc. The OTeut. type is therefore *guđom neut., the adoption of the masculine concord being presumably due to the Christian use of the word. The neuter sb., in its original heathen use, would answer rather to L. numen than to L. deus. Another approximate equivalent of deus in OTeut. was *ansu-z (Goth. in latinized pl. form anses, ON. ρss, OE. Ós- in personal names, ésa genit. pl.); but this seems to have been applied only to the higher deities of the native pantheon, never to foreign gods; and it never came into Christian use.

The ulterior etymology is disputed. Apart from the unlikely hypothesis of adoption from some foreign tongue, the OTeut. *gubom implies as its pre-Teut. type either ghudho-m or *ghutó-m. The former does not appear to admit of explanation; but the latter would represent the neut. of the passive pple. of a root *gheu-. There are two Aryan roots of the required form (both *glheu, with palatal aspirate): one meaning ‘to invoke’ (Skr. hū), the other ‘to pour, to offer sacrifice’ (Skr. hu, Gr. χέειν, OE. yéotan YETE v.). Hence *glhutó-m has been variously interpreted as ‘what is invoked’ (cf. Skr. puru-hūta ‘much-invoked’, an epithet of Indra) and as ‘what is worshipped by sacrifice’ (cf. Skr. hutá, which occurs in the sense ‘sacrificed to’ as well as in that of ‘offered in sacrifice’). Either of these conjectures is fairly plausible, as they both yield a sense practically coincident with the most obvious definition deducible from the actual use of the word, ‘an object of worship’.

Some scholars, accepting the derivation from the root *glheu- to pour, have supposed the etymological sense to be ‘molten image’ (= Gr. χυγόν), but the assumed development of meaning seems very unlikely.

transcribed from The Oxford English Dictionary

Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary:

god

\God\ (g[o^]d), n. [AS. god; akin to OS. & D. god, OHG. got, G. gott, Icel. gu[eth], go[eth], Sw. & Dan. gud, Goth. gup, prob. orig. a p. p. from a root appearing in Skr. h[=u], p. p. h[=u]ta, to call upon, invoke, implore. [root]30. Cf. Goodbye, Gospel, Gossip.]

1. A being conceived of as possessing supernatural power, and to be propitiated by sacrifice, worship, etc.; a divinity; a deity; an object of worship; an idol.

He maketh a god, and worshipeth it. --Is. xliv. 15.

The race of Israel . . . bowing lowly down To bestial gods. --Milton.

2. The Supreme Being; the eternal and infinite Spirit, the Creator, and the Sovereign of the universe; Jehovah.


http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=god

American Heritage Dictionary:

GOD

NOUN: 1. God a. A being conceived as the perfect, omnipotent, omniscient originator and ruler of the universe, the principal object of faith and worship in monotheistic religions. b. The force, effect, or a manifestation or aspect of this being. 2. A being of supernatural powers or attributes, believed in and worshiped by a people, especially a male deity thought to control some part of nature or reality. 3. An image of a supernatural being; an idol. 4. One that is worshiped, idealized, or followed: Money was their god. 5. A very handsome man. 6. A powerful ruler or despot.

ETYMOLOGY: Middle English, from Old English. See gheu(): in APPENDIX I
APPENDIX I: ENTRY: gheu()-

DEFINITION: To call, invoke. Oldest form *heu()-, becoming *gheu()- in centum languages. Suffixed zero-grade form *ghu-to-, “the invoked,” god. a. god, from Old English god, god; b. giddy, from Old English gydig, gidig, possessed, insane, from Germanic *gud-iga-, possessed by a god; c. götterdämmerung, from Old High German got, god. a–c all from Germanic *gudam, god. (Pokorny hau- 413.)

http://www.bartleby.com/61/21/G0172100.html

An Additional On-Line Reference:
Word origin: God - Our word god goes back via Germanic to Indo-European, in which a corresponding ancestor form meant “invoked one.” The word’s only surviving non-Germanic relative is Sanskrit hu, invoke the gods, a form which appears in the Rig Veda, most ancient of Hindu scriptures: puru-hutas, “much invoked,” epithet of the rain-and-thunder god Indra. (From READER’S DIGEST, Family Word Finder, page 351) (Originally published by The Reader’s Digest Association, Inc., Pleasantville New York, Montreal; Copyright 1975)

Now if the sources noted above are accurate, then the word that we use for the Supreme Being, God, comes from a very pagan origin. Thus the word god is used generically by many different religions to refer to their deity or “invoked one.”

Some may laugh at the notion, the very idea that the word “God” has any origin or association with Hindu Sanskrit. To illustrate how this is possible, we again quote from ‘Family Word Finder’ on the historical development of our Modern English language:

Page 7, ‘Word Origins’ - “English belongs to the Indo-European family of languages, which consists of about 100 related tongues, all descended from prehistoric language of a pastoral, bronze working, horse breeding people, the Aryans, who inhabited the steppes of Central Asia about 4500 B.C. Scholars refer to their language at this stage as proto-Indo-European, or simply Indo-European.
http://www.bibleanswerstand.org/God.htm

... Sitting down, he began to read the tattered pages. As he read, his excitement grew. The book told of ancient wars of the gods, with a backdrop of superstition. But the language, written in a dialect almost forgotten, amazed Yoseb. He saw at once that this language was the key for which they had searched. Here was the word for "God" which they had so diligently sought, a good word for "prayer," and other difficult phrases. The language, much simpler than the classical Tibetan, could be adapted so that the modern Tibetan would understand it clearly--even the simple people of the hills.

So i put the dash in G-d so as not to write or cause another to speak or even think of this name of a pagan deity."

Oddly, the exact history of the word God is unknown. The word God is a relatively new European invention, which was never used in any of the ancient Judaeo-Christian scripture manuscripts that were written in Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek or Latin.

Why use G-d and not -od, Go-, or G--, -o-, --d, or ---?

Why don't they do the same with Christ, LORD, Jehovah, etc.???

"G-d is not a name it is a title, but it originates from the teutonic word Gott the germanic pagan sun deity. The word "goths" is a related word referring also to the sun deity, ostrogoths (rising or eastern sun) was an ancient germanic tribe of eastern europe, the visigoths (falling or western sun) inhabited western europe. So the english word "god" is used as a title for YHWH but on ancient times it would be a germanic reference to the sun deity.

Deut. 18:20 But the prophet, which shall presume to speak a word in my name, which I have not commanded him to speak, or that shall speak in the name of other gods, even that prophet shall die.

Ex. 23:13 And in all things that I have said unto you be circumspect: and make no mention of the name of other gods, neither let it be heard out of thy mouth.

So i put the dash in G-d so as not to write or cause another to speak or even think of this name of a pagan deity."

Why don't they do the same with Christ, LORD, Jehovah, etc.???

Because Jewish people do not recognize Christ as God.

G-d is not a name it is a title, but it originates from the teutonic word Gott the germanic pagan sun deity. The word "goths" is a related word referring also to the sun deity, ostrogoths (rising or eastern sun) was an ancient germanic tribe of eastern europe, the visigoths (falling or western sun) inhabited western europe. So the english word "god" is used as a title for YHWH but on ancient times it would be a germanic reference to the sun deity.

You both missed the point stated on the first post of this thread.

The english spelled word "god" has its roots from the name for the sun deity adapted by many nations. It is not a translation nor a tranliteration from the Hebrew "el" or any other Hebrew words. Nor does it have its roots from the Greek language, but it comes from the pagans sun worshippers.

You both missed the point stated on the first post of this thread.

The english spelled word "god" has its roots from the name for the sun deity adapted by many nations. It is not a translation nor a tranliteration from the Hebrew "el" or any other Hebrew words. Nor does it have its roots from the Greek language, but it comes from the pagans sun worshippers.

Words like Christ, & Jehovah has its roots from the Greek and Hebrew language and is a derivitave from it. These are proper to use. I haven't studied the roots of "Lord" so I cannot comment on that one.

My apologies!

Elle's Friend :"G-d is not a name it is a title, but it originates from the teutonic word Gott the germanic pagan sun deity. The word "goths" is a related word referring also to the sun deity, ostrogoths (rising or eastern sun) was an ancient germanic tribe of eastern europe, the visigoths (falling or western sun) inhabited western europe. So the english word "god" is used as a title for YHWH but on ancient times it would be a germanic reference to the sun deity."

Elle : You both missed the point stated on the first post of this thread.

The english spelled word "god" has its roots from the name for the sun deity adapted by many nations. It is not a translation nor a tranliteration from the Hebrew "el" or any other Hebrew words. Nor does it have its roots from the Greek language, but it comes from the pagans sun worshippers.

Gregory : I do not have the time to give a detailed response to what you have stated above. So, I will make it very short:

The exact history of the words god/God is not conclusively known.

The word "God" is of relatively recent European origin and does not come from Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek or Latin.

The word "god" clearly has a very ancient orgin. It is thought to stem from Proto-Indo-European roots. It has roots in Sanskrit and the Reg Veda. It has roots Greek mythology. It has two root in the Aryan. It has Germanic Indo-Eurpean roots.

The bottom line: It can be traced back prior to the sun worship that you mention. But, scholars are not convinced that the conclusively know its roots. In any case, some of its previously thought roots are now rejected: the patriarchal name of the Buddha and many others.

Elle is a she/her, rather than a he/his.

Elle is a French word for She.

The answer to your question is simple: It stems from the fact that the Bible was written in unpointed Hebrew. In unpointed Hebrew (transliterated into English), the word god would be written as "gd." It would not be written as "go," or "od."

NOTE: Transliterated is a different word than translated.

So, modern Jewish people writing in English write it as "g-d" with the hyphen indicating the the Hebrew root has been transliterated in its unpointed Hebrew form.

Gregory, the English word, "God" is not in Hebrew nor Greek.

So pointing or unpointing does not apply.

Wilt not thou possess that which Chemosh thy god [Elohim] giveth thee to possess? So whomsoever Jehovah our God [Elohim] hath dispossessed from before us, them will we possess. (Judges 11:24, ASV)

Translation into another language always uses the gramatical style and alphabetic style of the language into which it is translated.

Transliteration is a different issue. I will respond to your question from the standpoint of transliteration: In transliteration, there is always an alphabetic letter of the language that the word is being transliterated into that is assigned to the alphabetic letter in the origonal language. Now, there may not be exactly one comparable letter in each alphabet. Therefore a letter in one alphaet may represent several letters in the other alphabet.

E.G. In the Korean alphabet (Korea has a 24 character alphabet.)
A couple of the letters in the Korean alphabet could be transliterated into two different letters of the English alphabet. This was of concern to the Korean government and it established a government committee that attempted to set in place a uniform system of transliteration into English. Perhaps, that has been accomplished by now? I do not know.

God in French is Dieu.

How does one spell Dieu in the same sense that one spells God as G-d in English?

------- WIKIPEDIA -- Dieu --------
"Le mot « dieu » vient du latin Deus"
[comes from the root word Deus]

------- WIKIPEDIA -- Deus --------

"Deus (Latin pronunciation: [ˈdeːʊs]) is Latin for "god" or "deity". Latin deus and dīvus "divine", are descended from Proto-Indo-European *deiwos, from the same root as *Dyēus, the reconstructed chief god of the Proto-Indo-European pantheon.

------- WIKIPEDIA -- Deiwos & Dyeus--------

Dyēus (also *Dyēus ph2ter) is believed to have been chief deity in the religious traditions of the prehistoric Proto-Indo-European tribes. Part of a larger pantheon, he was the god of the daylight sky, and his position may have mirrored the position of the patriarch or monarch in society. This deity is not directly attested; rather scholars have reconstructed this deity from the languages and cultures of later Indo-European nations.

Later gods who are etymologically connected with Dyeus include:

In Greek mythology Zeus[1]
In Roman mythology Jupiter (originally Iuppiter)[2]
In Historical Vedic religion Dyauṣ Pitār[3]
Possibly Dionysus, and Thracian Sabazios (from Saba Zeus?)
Rooted in the related but distinct Indo-European word *deiwos is the Latin word for deity, deus.

Translation into another language always uses the gramatical style and alphabetic style of the language into which it is translated.

Transliteration is a different issue. I will respond to your question from the standpoint of transliteration: In transliteration, there is always an alphabetic letter of the language that the word is being transliterated into that is assigned to the alphabetic letter in the origonal language. Now, there may not be exactly one comparable letter in each alphabet. Therefore a letter in one alphaet may represent several letters in the other alphabet.

E.G. In the Korean alphabet (Korea has a 24 character alphabet.)
A couple of the letters in the Korean alphabet could be transliterated into two different letters of the English alphabet. This was of concern to the Korean government and it established a government committee that attempted to set in place a uniform system of transliteration into English. Perhaps, that has been accomplished by now? I do not know.

Well, it looks like I should write it as "Di-u" when I use it.

Are you talking about transliterating letter for letter without the meaning? Makes no sense and would make no sense.

Well, it looks like I should write it as "Di-u" when I use it. Really I should not use these words at all. When I exchange with my SDA friend that share this to me, we never say G-d, but instead we use the Lord, Father, Jesus or Yah (short for Yahveh).

John 20:17 KJV Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not; for I am not yet ascended to my Father: but go to my brethren, and say unto them, I ascend unto my Father, and your Father; and to my God, and your God.

John 20:17 FLS (French Louis Segond) Jésus lui dit: Ne me touche pas; car je ne suis pas encore monté vers mon Père. Mais va trouver mes frères, et dis-leur que je monte vers mon Père et votre Père, vers mon Dieu et votre Dieu.

Why isn't G-d printed that way in the KJV Bible in English and Di-u in the French Bible?

Take the following for example:

Shouldn't the Bible translators also have written God as G-d and Dieu as Di-u?

Why isn't G-d printed that way in the KJV Bible in English and Di-u in the French Bible?

"G-d is not a name it is a title, but it originates from the teutonic word Gott the germanic pagan sun deity. The word "goths" is a related word referring also to the sun deity, ostrogoths (rising or eastern sun) was an ancient germanic tribe of eastern europe, the visigoths (falling or western sun) inhabited western europe. So the english word "god" is used as a title for YHWH but on ancient times it would be a germanic reference to the sun deity.

The word "god" clearly has a very ancient orgin. It is thought to stem from Proto-Indo-European roots. It has roots in Sanskrit and the Reg Veda. It has roots Greek mythology. It has two root in the Aryan. It has Germanic Indo-Eurpean roots.

Transliteration is the conversion of a text from one script to another.

* * * * *

Transliteration can form an essential part of transcription which converts text from one writing system into another. Transliteration is not concerned with representing the phonemics of the original: it only strives to represent the characters accurately.

* * *

From an information-theoretical point of view, systematic transliteration is a mapping from one system of writing into another, word by word, or ideally letter by letter. Most transliteration systems are one-to-one, so a reader who knows the system can reconstruct the original spelling.

Transliteration is opposed to transcription, which specifically maps the sounds of one language to the best matching script of another language. Still, most systems of transliteration map the letters of the source script to letters pronounced similarly in the goal script, for some specific pair of source and goal language. If the relations between letters and sounds are similar in both languages, a transliteration may be (almost) the same as a transcription.


* * * *

The Greek language is written in the 24-letter Greek alphabet, which overlaps with, but differs from, the 26-letter Latin alphabet in which English is written. Etymologies in English dictionaries often identify Greek words as ancestors of words used in English, and sometimes transliterate the Greek words into Roman letters.

I don't see any point in writing "G-d". Vowels weren't added by the Masorites to the word YHWH because the word wasn't pronounced. The word "God," however, is pronounced. So it doesn't make sense to write it as "G-d."

One would not expect to see an English word written in the form of "G-d." That seems to violate the rules.

However, this issue becomes very complex due to the following:

1) Hebrew is written in both pointed and un-pointed style. The English word "G-d" reflects the un-pointed style which in some writing is considered very important.

2)Some religious Jews demand that in the language they are speaking, (English in this case.) print that word in the "G-d" Form.

3) Some Christians have picked up on the theology behind the Jews mentioned above and also wish for the word to always be printed as "G-d."

Due to these perspectives A writing style for that word has developed that violates some of the common conventions that are applied to normal printing of the English language.

I don't see any point in writing "G-d". Vowels weren't added by the Masorites to the word YHWH because the word wasn't pronounced. The word "God," however, is pronounced. So it doesn't make sense to write it as "G-d."

That is exactly what transliteration is. You have expressed it very will. Transliteration never has any meaning attached to it.

Translation always has meaning and does not substitute letter for letter.

You are entitled to stated that therefore transliteration makes no sense. It has not been my purpose to explain the sense that it makes. But, you can believe that transliteration has sense, in a very narrow sense.

Transliteration does not yield G-d with a hyphen. It never will.