Quantitative relationships use objective equations, and qualitative relationships use subjective relations. They can both be represented by a proportional array that separates each element of interest from the others. This array is the division of the unity into four parts, seen along and across two dimensions. Each new overlay of concrete existence adds new information for further parallel correlations of subjective existence. The better understood each model is, and the greater the number of parallel correlations made between models, the clearer an actual indirect perspective of the whole of all things becomes. By aligning several contrasting patterns out of the vast array of existent models, a lateral higher perspective may be perceived.

Einstein’s famous equation relates the four components of the physical universe; mass, energy, space, and time. Einstein’s said that in cases where the atoms emitting and absorbing photons are at rest relative to each other, E=mc ² . E is energy, m is mass, and c is the speed of light. All motions (including that of light) are expressed in a rate of distance per time. Distance is the one-dimensional expression of space. (Area would be the two-dimensional expression of space.)

The equation E=mc ², in this form, does not show the proportional array it naturally contains. Simple algebra will suffice to restate the equation as the parts of a proportional array.

Divide both sides of the equation by m and the result is E/m=c². The c representing the speed of light (which is squared) can be rewritten as (s/t) ², which is equivalent to s²/t², so the equation now reads E/m=s²/t².

The proportional array is now evident. Energy is to mass as space squared is to time squared. It is also evident from this array that energy is to space squared as mass is to time squared.

E=mc²

E/m=c²

E/m=s²/t²

The relationship between the four components of the physical universe can be seen to parallel the relationship between the four components of formal linear logic; the A, E, I, and O propositions.

These four propositions are assertions about a relationship between things and there is a relationship between the four different logical assertions and the possibility of each to exist in the case of the others.

The A proposition is ‘All A is B’

The E proposition is ‘No A is B’

The I proposition is ‘Some A is B’

The O proposition is ‘Some A is not B’


These propositions can be visualized topologically.

The relationship between the possible truth of one formal proposition in relationship to the possible truth of another formal proposition parallels the possible case of one kind of physical existence for an entity in the presence of another kind of physical existence for that same entity. The array of formal propositions in logic parallels the array of physical components of objective reality.

Each term of reality is defined by the others, and is a term used to define the others. This array is a definitive study on the relationships between the physical entities of existence; matter, energy, space, and time, and also the relationship between conditions of existence.

Abraham-Minkowski controversy
Electromagnetic momentum in matter:
Wrong formula: E = mc^2 ; Correct formula: E = mcw

An overall factor "h" was introduced so that the dynamical variable "U"(quantum realm associated with generator A) for a photon has units of linear momentum times angular momentum as expected for the quantum variable associated
to pylz.